Computer Network : OSI vs TCP/IP

Comparison of the OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models:

OSI (Open System Interconnection)

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol)

1. OSI is a generic, protocol independent standard, acting as a communication gateway between the network and end user.	1. TCP/IP model is based on standard protocols around which the Internet has developed. It is a communication protocol, which allows connection of host over a network.
2. In OSI model the transport layer guarantees the delivery of packets.	2. In TCP/IP model the transport layer does not guarantees delivery of packets. Still the TCP/IP model is more reliable.
3. Follows vertical approach.	3. Follows horizontal approach.
4. OSI model has a separate Presentation layer and Session layer.	4. TCP/IP does not have a separate Presentation layer or Session layer.
5. Transport Layer is Connection Oriented.	5. Transport Layer is both Connection Oriented and Connection less.
6. Network Layer is both Connection Oriented and Connection less.	6. Network Layer is Connection less.
7. OSI is a reference model around which the networks are built. Generally, it is used as a guidance tool.	7. TCP/IP model is, in a way implementation of the OSI model.
8. Network layer of OSI model provides both connection oriented and connectionless service.	8. The Network layer in TCP/IP model provides connectionless service.
9. OSI model has a problem of fitting the protocols into the model.	9. TCP/IP model does not fit any protocol
10. Protocols are hidden in OSI model and are easily replaced as the technology changes.	10. In TCP/IP replacing protocol is not easy.
11. OSI model defines services, interfaces and protocols very clearly and makes clear distinction between them. It is protocol independent.	11. In TCP/IP, services, interfaces and protocols are not clearly separated. It is also protocol dependent.
12. It has 7 layers	12. It has 4 layers

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